Steinach continued his research on the physical substrates of sexuality, but he is chiefly remembered today for his his attempts to develop methods for sexual rejuvenation.  His treatments - including surgery - were useless and his enthusiastic self-promotion earned him an abiding reputation as a quack.

Other biological psychiatrists later in the century employed techniques from shock therapy to castration to lobotomy to eliminate homosexuality, but all their efforts failed.  By the 1930s, psychoanalysis was gaining in popularity, so biological explanations of homosexuality like Steinach's were eclipsed by Freudian theories that defects in a child's upbringing result in "perversion."  The decline of psychoanalysis in the 1970s and 1980s has led to renewed interest in biological theories, but this time focused on "gay brains" and "gay genes."